February 2001

Challenges of Managing Winter Recreationists Presented at the 1st National Mountain Conference

By Kim Hedberg

Abstract

The challenges of management of winter recreationists center on balancing the needs of recreationists, wildlife, and the ecosystem. Because there is a limited amount of public terrain, all needs must be considered, and the balance shifts as threats emerge. Specific challenges facing recreationists include different sports, varying expectations of experience, the sphere of influence, impacts on the wildlife and the ecosystem, and overcrowding.

The four largest winter activities in which the backcountry-seeking public participates include skiing, snowboarding, snowshoeing, and snowmobiling. Although none of these activities exclude the others, the compatibility between the motorized and non-motorized users is questionable. The human powered adventurer is usually in search of untracked powder in the quiet backcountry. The motorized enthusiast is in search of groomed trails, open slopes, and steep terrain. Both groups enjoy the scenery, the wildlife, and the forest.

The ever-increasing number of people participating in these activities puts pressure on the ecosystem. Impacts to the environment from both groups include wildlife disruption due to noise and increased activity, potential water and air pollution from the snowmobiles, and terrain damage. These impacts require the manager of the land to restrict some uses at times. It also puts pressure on the recreationist to restrict his or her use when adverse impacts are noticed. It is the job of the land steward to balance the needs of everyone while keeping the ecosystem in tact.

To create some sort of order in areas where overcrowding is causing user conflicts, adverse impacts on wildlife, and ecosystem damage, tools must be created to put nature and people back into balance. Some of these options include education and information, signing, law enforcement, use restrictions (such as rationing or reservations), and expanded use areas. Case studies of how conflict on Vail Pass and Rabbit Ears has been handled were discussed.